LIGHT IS LIKE A NOODLE LONG AND STRAINABLE

LIGHT IS LIKE A NOODLE LONG AND STRAINABLE

....................................….

To me, this subject (light wavelengths) was almost as confusing as electromagnetism. That might be because of its complexity. To my understanding this is light. Light coming from the sun comes in all lengths. It can be red, blue, green or whatever. When this light passes through an object indirectly to us, photons are added to the hit object. Due to electromagnetism the excited particle (on the way down) releases light. This we can observe in spikes on a graph, water, our atmosphere, and many other things. When light passes through an object and hits us, there are gaps in the light. These gaps can help us decide the object the light passes through. This is like a straining effect. You can try it on your own or use the example I gave you. -- The Brain

Try to find the chemical composition of the cloud this light came through.

Did you find the composition? If you did, good. If you didn't, keep trying.

DARK MATTER; JUST AS SCARY AS IT SEEMS

DARK MATTER; JUST AS SCARY AS IT SEEMS

.............................................

http://science.howstuffworks.com/dictionary/astronomy-terms/dark-matter6.htm

Dark matter is very important to our universe. Besides being important it is also difficult to understand. To give you an understanding of this cosmic science, I will give you only basics. Let's get started! In cosmology and astronomy, dark matter is a hypothesized to explain the amount of missing mass in the universe. It can not be seen by our telescopes because it doesn't emits nor absorbs light. Thankfully we can see it due to it's gravitational effects on stars and other planets. Dark matter was first needed (realized) on account for the missing mass in star clusters and galaxies. The famous astronomers Jan Oort and Fritz Zwicky first theorized dark matters existence due to "missing mass" in stars and galaxies and orbital velocities of stars in our galaxy. It seems that Dark matter is made from an unknown sub-atomic particle. Although Dark matter is widely accepted in most scientific communities, there are a few other theories including MOND and TeVeS that try to explain what dark matter is account for. In our universe dark matter outnumbers regular matter almost three to one. -- The Brain

ANTIMATTER (AND YOU THOUGHT DARK MATTER WAS SCARY)

ANTIMATTER (AND YOU THOUGHT DARK MATTER WAS SCARY)

...........................................

http://scienceblogs.com/startswithabang/2010/11/22/why-making-neutral-antimatter/

In physics (specifically particle physics), antimatter is something consisting of antiparticles. Antiparticles have the same mass as the particles that we so comfortably live with, but they have opposite charge along with quantum spin. When a antimatter particle and a regular particle hit each other, they emit high-energy photons "gamma-ray". They can also release particle antiparticle pairs. In nature, all particles (or antiparticles) have an opposite pair. So for every particle you see their is an antiparticle that it could explode with. Antiparticles bind the same way that regular particles do. They can make atoms and other super terrifying stuff that scares me. For example, you can take a positron (the antimatter equivalent to an electron) and mold it with an antiproton to create a (gulp) antihydrogen. Fortunately other types of atoms have only been created in labs. -- The Brain

EUROPA AND TITAN; LIFE IN OUR SOLAR SYSTEM

EUROPA AND TITAN; LIFE IN OUR SOLAR SYSTEM

.............................................

http://solarsystem.nasa.gov/planets/profile.cfm?Object=Jup_Europa

Wouldn't it be amazing if we woke up one morning and realized that there were aliens in our inter-steller backyard? That could possibly be true if there were life on the moons Europa and Titan. Europa is one of Jupiter's moons. It is the sixth closest moon to the gas giant. It is one of the moons Galileo noticed when observing Jupiter. Though it was the least bright then, it is really the sixth largest moons in our solar system. Europa is made of silicon like rock and probably has an iron ore. It has an atmosphere composed of mainly oxygen and its water and ice surface is streaked with cracks and lines. Due to it's smooth surface and youth, this planet could have a large ocean underneath the surface. This ocean could hold life. Most of the information from Europa comes from the 1989 satellite Galileo. Other observations of the planet have come only by fly-bys. The next mission to this moon will come from JUICE a European Space Agency craft due to launch in 2022. Titan is a moon of Saturn. It is the largest moon of the beautiful planet. It has a thick dense atmosphere (the only natural satellite to have one) and surface water (the only water in the solar system besides Earth). It is the second largest planet in the solar system, and it's volume is bigger than that of Mercury. Titan is composed of mainly ice and rock. It's dense atmosphere has presented past telescopes to see the surface. In 2004, Cassini detected hydrocarbon lakes on the surface. It has a climate that produces physical features, and has a methane cycle similar to our water cycle. It could be the home to methane reliant aliens. --The Brain

The Naked Mole Rat

For something a little bit new………..

The Naked Mole Rat

Taxonomic Name

Kingdom--    Animalia

Phylum--       Chordata

Subphylum-- Vertebrata

Class--          Mammalia

Order--         Rodentia

Family--        Bathyergidae

Genus--         Heterocephalus

Species--       Glaber

Scientific Name: Heterocephalus glaber

Mammals are a type of vertebrate animals that are distinguished from birds and reptiles by being warm-blooded and milking their young. They have hair, mammary glands, and a brain that is tasked with monitoring the circulatory system. There are three types of mammals; placentals, monotremes, and marsupials. The majority of mammals are placentals, or animals that give live birth. Marsupials are mammals that carry their quickly developed young in a pouch. Lastly, Monotremes are a rare type of mammal that lays eggs. All mammal have seven bones in the neck (cervical vertebrae) except for a few exceptions. The lungs of mammals are spongy and honeycombed, resulting in an internal surface area that is larger than the outer surface area. Like all animals mammals intake oxygen and release carbon dioxide. Mammals control their lungs by using a muscular diaphragm that divides their thorax from the abdominal cavity. It expands to inhale a large quantity of air and detracts to release the unused gasses (the building of pressure caused by the detraction releases the air quickly and forcefully). The integumentary of a mammal is made of three layers called the epidermis, dermis, and hypodermis. Each layer has a designated job such as (respectively) keeping water out, creating layers of growth, and providing cushioning. Though mammals share fur, feathers, and skin to other creatures, hair is unique to mammals alone. The mammal also has a unique area of the brain called the neocortex. It regulates body temperature and circulation. The size of a neocortex depends on the type of mammal it happens to be (placental, marsupial, and monotremal).

The naked mole rat (or the Heterocephalus glaber) is a mammal of the order rodentia. It is unique amongst its order just as it is unique amongst all animals. Rodentia is the largest order of mammals. The order is characterized mainly by its unique dentition. Nearly all rodents have a highly specialized jaw made to gnaw. Rodents gnaw to regulate the size of their growing incisors. Each individual tooth is covered with enamel while the interior is made entirely out of dentine. When they gnaw the enamel is sharpened into a sharp chisel-like point. Rodents lack canine teeth and instead have incisors. These incisors have multiple uses depending on the animal. For example, some have teeth used to cut wood, eat fruit, capture prey, defense, and, in the case of the naked mole rat, digging. Most rodents are relatively small compared to other mammals, but some can be as large as 91k. Rodents are important to a natural ecosystem. They eat plants and sometimes pesky bugs, and due to their rapid reproduction, often are a valuable food source. Species such as Heterocephalus glaber are considered unique amongst mammals and are important as test subjects for humans.

The naked mole rat (or Heterocephalus glaber) is a small rodent that lives mainly in Uganda and Tanzania, though the current range reaches countries all the way in east Africa such as Ethiopia, Kenya, and Somalia. The Naked mole rat lives in subterranean tunnels that can stretch for miles under the surface of savannahs and grasslands. These tunnels are usually about two meters deep and are found in elevations between 1100 and 3000 meters.

Naked mole rats have a skin with a brownish pink hue. The young of the naked mole rat usually have dark spots, they usually fade away as they reach maturity. All naked mole rats are the same size (ranging between 147 and 165mm and having a weight between 30 to 80 g) with the queen and her mating males being the biggest in the colony. They live predominantly underground and have smaller eyes compared to other rodents. On these eyes they have thick eyelids that shut out light. They have small hairs that cover their body. These hair help them detect touch. Due to the darkness of their habitat, naked mole rats rely heavily on these other senses.

Naked mole rats have typical rodent-like teeth with the exception of their protruding front teeth. They infact grow on the outside of the mouth like tusks rather than in the mouth like other teeth. They are used to dig and carry rather than gnaw or chew. When digging, naked mole rats can close their lips so they don’t swallow dirt.

Naked mole rats have small stubby legs that can travel quickly in their small tunnels. Dominant males pass on the top while less dominant males must go on the bottom. They have loose skin that helps them slide over and under each other.

Naked mole rats are eusocial animals where there is one ruling queen and her chosen mates (polyandrous), Sexual activity is limited between her and her favorite males. In most colonies, there is one queen that mates with 1-3 favorite males, but in some instances there has been known to be two queens. The males chosen by the queen tend to be older more experienced colony members. Other non-mating members of the colony serve as workers, care-takers, protectors and are all genetically similar due to the rarity of outbreeding. When it is breeding season in the colony, many good natured mole rats get a bad streak. Aggression in the forms of biting and shoving are displayed during this time of tension. The queen herself gets highly aggressive, and even executes competing females. During breeding season, queens often change (as well as their males). This happens when a queen dies, or a new queen comes to power. A new queen goes through physical changes. Her vertebrae extends which allows for an easier passing of pups. The queen is pregnant for 70 days and gives birth to about 7 pups (weighing in at a measly 2 g). The pups are weaned in 36 days and are full grown in a year (for females the growing is only 228 days). The queen is constantly pregnant and can can give 5 litters every year. Therefore she can rarely take care of her pups after weaning age. Non-breeders are tasked with caring for them after that.

Naked mole rats live nine times longer than other species of rodents, and have been known to reach 30 years of age in the wild. In most cases, captive naked mole rats live between 22 and 31 years (with 28 being the average). Though uncommon, factors limiting mole rat lifespan include, toxic chemicals, droughts, floods, and predation. Naked mole rats feed on plants such as roots, bulbs, and tubers, plants that can be accessed through their subterranean tunnels. When the naked mole rats find food, they often leave part of it there so it can regrow. The other part is taken into a storage area where it can feed a colony for up to a week. Due to moist impassable soil, stored food can save a colony from quick starvation.

http://animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/accounts/Heterocephalus_glaber/

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Naked_mole_rat

http://animals.sandiegozoo.org/animals/naked-mole-rat

The Moons of Jupiter (Plus a Few Old Dudes)

THE MOONS OF JUPITER (PLUS A FEW OLD DUDES)

.........................................www.dweebest.com/2010/11/galileo/

Galileo used his hands. Unlike the Greeks who just wrote things down, Galileo made things. The refracting telescope along with other instruments were the offsprings of his innovation. Galileo discovered. While the rest the world believed in a world where the earth was the center, he believed in a heliocentric one. He distinguished planets from stars, by finding which ones moved (a confusing thought at the time). When observing Jupiter, Galileo noticed dim stars around the planet. He recorded this and checked again the next day. He noticed the position of the stars had changed. After recording the shocking results, he began to check everyday. At the end of a ten day period, he came to the conclusion that the stars were in fact moons with different sizes and orbits.

--The Brain

Aladdin (A Movie of Lag and Waiting)

ALADDIN (A MOVIE OF LAG AND WAITING)

.......................................www.hdwallpapersarena.com/galaxy-wallpapers.html

The stars are some of the most beautiful things ever forged into existence. Those intense balls of plasma exemplify power through their fusion of hydrogen to helium. At the end of their lives, they make even more powerful happenings, supernovas and black holes. These forms of power enable the destruction of stars and planets, but also hold galaxies together and give birth to new stars. In the sky mode of Google Earth, you can see the cosmos, along with the stars and their offsprings. When you click on a red dot scattered across the galaxy, it will give you access to s homepage. There, you can access the Aladdin applet. The Aladdin applet gives you access to a solar system that you can color in (astro-imaging). Unfortunately for me, the app had a hard time loading. Lets hope it works for me in the future. Do you want to try Aladdin? Check the link to try it out.

http://aladin.u-strasbg.fr/aladin.gml

--The Brain